TOPOLOGIES! JYYEAH!

This one, is a lil bit nice. It's about topologies; how the wiring/computers are arranged. Who would've guessed that it's important too?  :)

Here's a brief yet exlaining-it-all mind-map for topologies:

These are the examples of topologies~

There are many types of topology but for now, we had learned few of them:

• Linear bus
• Star
• Ring
• Tree
  
  Linear bus topology consists of a main run cable with terminator at each end. In this type of topology, the nodes are connected to linear cable. The Ethernet and LocalTalk networks usually use this type of topology.
  
  
  Star topology connecting each nodes directly to a central network hub or concentrator. The data on a star networking will passes through the hub or the concentrator. These hub and concentrator are also known as repeater for the data flow.
  
  
  Now, let see how the ring topology works. Each of the system in ring topology is connected to its respective neighbour thus forming a ring. On the diagram above, we can see how all the nodes are connected in a form of circular motion. The ring topology does not require termination because all nodes connected in a loop, which means no beginning and no end point.
  
  
  The tree topology is a combination of star topology that connected to a linear bus backbone cable. It is also known as hybrid. This type of topology will allows the expansion of an existing network.
   
   
   
   
  So, that's it for topologies. A lil bit confusing, but understandable~  :)
  
  
  
  

Telecommunication VS Networking

In this post, I am going to quickly review the difference between telecommunication and networking.

Basically, networking means a collection of connected intelligent computing devices. The basic networking is a connection between two computer by direct cabling.

Besides that, networking also means connecting a computer with other computer or other devices to enable them to communicate with each other.

There are four popular networks in used:

LAN (Local Area Network)

WAN (Wide Area Network)

MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)

PAN (Personal Area Network)

LAN is usually used in small area and limited to geographical area such as computer lab, school and building. This network is rarely used for more than a mile apart. A typical LAN such as in a computer lab usually use one computer as a server functioned to control the network shared by all computers attached to it. The are two ways of connecting LAN which are:

• Bounded (by using cable)
• Unbounded (without using cable or known as wireless)

Telecommunication? Well, basically, it's about conveying message and interacting. easy, right?  :)


So, that's all and sorry for the short post~

Data, TRANSMIT!

Okay, so now, I'm gonna review how data are transmitted. 시작!  :D


1. Analog & Digital

These two signals will carry out two process on conversion:

• Analogue to digital = modulation
• Digital to analogue = demodulation

To make it simple, the conversion of analogue to digital is merely because digital signal is the language of the computer. Here is one example of these two conversion:

 

 i don't quite understand myself..  =="

2. Bandwidth

To put it simple, the higher the bandwidth, the faster the data to be delivered. Example? Take broadband for instance. 1Mbps and 1Gbps, which one is faster? Easy, right?  :)

3. Serial and Parallel

Another form of transmission. Serial is where the data is transmitted bit by bit within a long single path. It is used for a short communication. Meanwhile, parallel is where the functions the same- one bit at a time but using different path. Parallel transmission is faster and being used for more telecommunication.

 

here's a nice example

 

 

4. Transmission timing

 

You have to know how data is transmitted synchronously (organised by block) , asynchronously (data with bits specified), and i synchronously (data send at the same time as other data).

 

 

 

 

5. Transmission flow

The process of exchanging can be done in three operation style:

• Simplex
• Half-duplex
• Full-duplex

The simplex operation is when the data is transmitted in one direction only. As much as I understand about it, the role of transmitter and receiver are fixed.

For example, when you are watching television or listening to the radio where you as the receiver only got to understand the message or information without reacting back to the sender.

The half-duplex operation is when the transmission can flow in two direction but never at the same time. The nearest example is the walkie talkie.

 

 

The full-duplex operation is when both station can transmit and receive the information simultaneously. it is usually consist of two simplex channel, for example the the online chatting.

That is all. Seriously, I can't understand these things. But, I will try my best.  :)

Technologies of Comps & Techs

To keep things short, in this post, it's about the elements in computing and technologies. Here it is::

1. PEOPLE
   
   People are the most important element because they are the user who operate the computer. They are the one who built, analyse and develop the system. There are two types of people involved in communication. First, the professional people who have gone through specialized training in theory and technical aspect. Second is the end user or those who only know how to use without special training in the field.
   
   
   
   
   examples of users
2. PROCEDURE
   
   Procedure is an ordered set of tasks for performing some action. It is the specification of operation which have to be executed in some way in order to attain the same result under the same situation. In this case, it is the procedure communicating so that the other receiver could understand the message.
3. DATA
   
    
   Data is the information stored in the computer system used by applications to accomplish tasks. We will get to that later because so far, this is all i understand about data.
4. HARDWARE
   
   Hardware can be considered as any physical object that are part of the computer system. Previously, we have learned that the basic operation of a computer system is IPOS. Input, processor, output and storage.
   
   
5. SOFTWARE
   
   

   Every computer need software to make it function. Therefore, software is needed to start the communication. The Linux, OS system, Wimdows 7 and PDF application are all included in software categories.

    

    

   That is all, cherio!  :D